THE NEW CHILDREN OF THE SUN.

The Inca education during the time of their empire was divided into two principal spheres: education for the governing class and education for the general population.
Inca sages known as Amautas and haravicus were very well trained men who kept a record of historical events and preserved the literary works and traditions of their people. Some scholars have made a distinction between the two terms, defining "haravicus" as wise men who recorded in their memory  and recited ceremonial poems and ritual songs, and "amautas" as wise men who recorded all kinds of cosmological, technological, and religious information.
The Amautas and haravicus were considered special and the most respected class. They were highly knowledgeable and included illustrious philosophers, poets, astrologers and priests who kept the histories of the Incas alive by imparting the knowledge of their culture, and sacred traditions throughout the kingdom. The teachers did ensure that the general population learned the official and sacred language of the Empire and its laws.
The Amautas and haravicus were in charge of the "Yachay'Huasi," the Inca House of Knowledge. They were responsible for the education of Inca princes and the children of the the high nobility (the royal blood), as well as other young members of conquered cultures specially chosen to administer the regions.
The education of young novices about Inca religion, rites, sacred ceremonies, history and government, and moral laws, began at the age of 13 in the House of Knowledge (Yachay'Huasi) in Cuzco. They also ensured a thorough understanding of the Quipu, the Incas' unique logical-numerical system which used knotted strings of different colors to keep accurate records of different cosmological matters. In addition, the young men were given careful training in physical education and military techniques of power assimilation to be applied in new expansions of their territory.
Most Inca novices finished their education at the age of 19. After passing their rigorous examination, the young men would receive their "wara"(a special type of underwear) as proof of their maturity and virility. Their sacred education ended with a special ceremony, attended by the Empire's oldest and most illustrious Incas and teachers, at which the new young nobles, as future rulers, demonstrated their physical and spiritual prowess and warrior skills that proved their masculinity force. The candidates were also presented to the Inca sovereign, who pierced their ears with large pendants and congratulated the young aspirants on the proficiency they had shown, reminding them of the responsibilities attached to their station and calling them the new "Children of the Sun."
Although the Amautas' activities are registered by all chroniclers, their specific and sacred functions have not been clearly established. Amautas were also usually considered Quipu'Camayocs, individuals who had the capacity to record accurate information and the transmission of it upon request.
Today, the term "Amauta" could be translated "maestro," signifying a teacher, with emphasis on the person's wisdom and achievement.