HOW THE INCAS ACHIEVED SUCH UNION OF POWER.

The Inca Empire was the largest empire in South America. The center was located in Cuzco in modern-day Peru. The civilization arose from the highlands of Peru using a method of assimilation of power or warfare, resulting in the incorporation of a large portion of Western South America territories, centered on the Andean Mountain Ranges, including, besides Peru, large parts of modern Ecuador, Western and South Central Bolivia, North West Argentina, North and Central Chile, and a small part of Southern Colombia into a state comparable to the historical empires of Eurasia.
The term "Inca," meaning "ruler" or "lord,"in Quechua, their language, was used to refer to a specific ruling class family inside the leadership group in the empire. The Spanish people, who arrived to their territories, in the 16th century, adopted the term as an ethnic term referring to all subjects of the empire rather than the specific ruling class.
The Inca people were a pastoral group in the Cuzco region that under the leadership of Manco Capac, they formed the small-city state Kingdom of Cuzco, on that specific site, on the Andean Mountain Range. In time it began to grow and was succeeded by the formation of the Inca Empire. Manco Capac organized the Kingdom and Pachacutec succeded in the union of the forces creating the Tahuantinsuyo.
The empire was referred as Tahuantinsuyo. "Tahua" meaning "4", and "ntin," a suffix naming a group of energy forces, so that "Tahuantin" meaning a quartet of energy fields, a group of 4 forces taken together. The forces were referred to : Chinchay Suyo (North), Anti Suyo (East; the Amazon Jungle), Colla Suyo (South),and Conti Suyo (West). The corners of these enrgy forces joined together at Cuzco.
The anchored energy vortexes were identified as "Huacas," and the lines were identified as "Ceques." The term "Ceque" is Quechua for "Light Road." The energy forces consisted of rapidly rotating spiral-shaped openings formed in the 4 directions of the empire. The 4 forces together formed an energy field surrounding the entire physical territory, and depending on the location, this centers were able to connect to the cosmic energy field and absorb the energy using the ground as a bowl and radiate them out, being visible from great distances and in all directions.
The most powerful one  run from Cuzco. It symbolized the Inca's head, the base of the 4 energy fields. Cuzco was the major gateway through which the cosmological energies, aligned astronomically to various stellar risings and settings, and channeled them to the rest of the sacred territory. Most of them connected temples, plazas, and group of structures within ceremonial centers or cities. It formed a replica of the cosmic alignment and balance it into the whole empire's electromagnetic field surrounding the whole land. The Inca leadership encouraged the instruction and worship of these energy fields and imposed the cult of their sun god, Inti, the Lord that controlled the 4 forces, over the whole empire.
The Inca was referred to as the "Son of the Sun" living in the physical world and in charge of the 4 forces. They were chosen by their father, the sun god, Inti, as the ones able to deal with this power.
The ceremony of the Sun was performed at Cuzco (Inti Raymi). It was elaborated creatively from pre-existing system of religious veneration of the peoples to the same god, and with an honorable respect they were assimilated into the head of the empire. This absorption ensured proper compliance among the conquered ones.
The Huacas became significant centers of shared worship and a point of unification of ethnically and linguistically peoples. It helped to bring unity and common citizenship.

THE ANDES HIGHLANDS OF TODAY HOSTS MAJOR CITIES.

The Andes is the longest continental mountain range in the world. It is a continual range of Highlands along the Western coast of South America.
The Andes is about 7000 km (4300 mi) long, about 200 to 700 km (120 to 430 mi) wide, and of an average hight of about 4000m (13000 ft).
The Andes extend from North to South through 7 South American countries: Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina.
The Andes is the location of several Plateaus, because it splits into several ranges, which are separated by intermediate depressions. Some of these Plateaus host major cities, such Quito, Bogota, Arequipa, Medellin, Sucre, Merida, Santiago, and La Paz.
QUITO is the capital city of Ecuador at an elevation of 2850 m (9350 ft) above the sea level.  It is the highest official capital city in the world. It is located in the Huayllabamba River basin, on the Eastern slopes of an active strato volcano in the Andes Mountains named Pichincha.
BOGOTA is the capital city of Colombia. It is the 3rd. highest capital city in South America at an elevation of 2640 m (8660 ft) above the sea level. In terms of land area, Bogota is the largest city in Colombia, and one of the biggest in latin America. It figures among the 25 largest cities of the world.
AREQUIPA is the 2nd most populous city in Peru. It is located at an elevation of 2335 m (7661 ft) above the sea level. A series of volcanic cones dominates the skyline from the city. These volcanoes form Mountains like the Misti, Pikchu Pikchu, and Chachani.
MEDELLIN is the 2nd largest city in Colombia. Located in the Aburra valley, a central region of the Andes at an elevation of 1500 m (4921 ft) above the sea level.
SUCRE is the constitutional capital of Bolivia and the 6th most populous city in the country. Located in the South Central part at an elevation of 2810 m (9214 ft) above the sea level.
MERIDA is one of the principal cities of the Venezuelan Andes. It has the highest and longest cable car in the world. The city sits on a tableland nestled in the valley of the Chama River, at an elevation of 1600 m (5249 ft) above the sea level.
SANTIAGO is the capital and the largest city of Chile. It is located in the country's central valley, at an elevation of 520 m (1706 ft) above the sea level.
LA PAZ is Bolivia's third-most populous city after Santa Cruz and El Alto. It is the seat of the country's government. It is located on the Western side of Bolivia at an elevation of 3650 m (11975 ft) above the sea level. It is the highest administrative capital in the world.