THE TOWN OF HUAMACHUCO.

Huamachuco is a town in Northern Peru and capital of the province Sanchez Carrion, one of the 12 provinces of the Libertad Region.
Huamachuco is located between the Eastern Cordillera of the Andes Mountains, and 100 km South of Caja-Marca. It has Highland areas that range from 2500-4500 m. above the sea level. Because of the heights, most of Huamachuco's land is treeless. The high-altitude grassland is known as "puna." The Highland is bounded on the East and West by two parallel Sierra Ranges.
The deep Valley slopes show evidence of deliberate farming of Andean trees and shrub vegetation, suggesting that in prehistoric times, the temperature of the Region was slightly warmer than today, allowing agriculture at higher elevations than today.
In the puna grasslands, domesticated tubers such as potatoes, oca, olluco, maca, and others, were cultivated. They also had crops of seed-producing plants, such as quinoa, amaranth, and beans.
About 30 miles away, within the Huamachuco district, is the significant archaeological site of Marca-Huamchuco. It is a complex of stone monuments, a prehistoric religious and political center of a culture that thrived 350 CE-1100 CE.
During the Andean period, small communities grew up throughout the High Lands of the Huamachuco area. They built dwellings that were oval-shaped single rooms made of stones, with floors of clay. They symbolized the spirit of the site made known through its physical energy emerging from the site through the stones and was understood as the foundation of the moral values and principles of both, the spiritual and physical realms in which the agricultural communities relied on in order to survive in harmony, and the inside use of clay to flooring represented the individual walking path in respect to the Laws of Nature governing them in relation to both realms, the spiritual and the physical. The use of these structures in their everyday lives reminded them all the principles they needed to know and were encrypted in their heart and mind, for survival, such us the storage of crops and other goods for consumption or trading, giving them a lesson of self-control, and the use of the oval rooms as a protected sites for sleeping in order to overcome confrontations either in the spiritual or in the physical realms. Their herding of domesticated animals were protected in hamlets at higher elevations (3900-4000m). As agriculture could not survive at those heights, it permitted the animals to domain and control their own specific environment, in both realms. Settlements in lower elevations (2500-3000 m) contained a large amount of agricultural tools, because at that level the schools of learning were established, showing the importance of crops in relation to the laws of nature, and the harsh environment in which the crops had to survive. Everything was learned through an active way of manifestation of the forces controlling the laws that governed all things.
The peoples depended on their domestic animals to satisfy their need for clothing, and transportation. They did not use them for agricultural purposes. The people developed and maintained intricate networks of irrigated terraces to support their crops. Textile manufacture was an essential prehistoric economic activity in this region, as evidenced by the many weaving tools found at the archaeological site. They had trade and other interaction with neighboring areas in the High Lands. Through the Huaylas Pass (Callejon de Huaylas) they also traded with the Coast.
Metal artifacts have been found in the area, attesting to their skilled artisans. Their materials were not only gold, silver, and copper, but also gilded copper and some arsenic bronze mixtures.
By the late 19th century, there was international interest in the Region. As always happened in the Andean High Lands, European travelers disturbed the natural peace of the Region by publishing  drawing reports of the Marca-Huamachuco ruins. Political unrest and an outbreak of fighting was reported by the New York Times of the United States in August 1883.
The province was named after the Peruvian politician Jose Faustino Sanchez Carrion ( Huamachuco, Trujillo, February 13, 1787, Lima, June 2, 1825). He was a pro-independence politician and also known as the "Solitary man from Sayan." He had a decisive role in the establishment of the republican system of government in post-independence Peru. He was one of the writers of the 1st political constitution of Peru, founded on ideas of liberty and equality. He later participated in the diplomatic mission which travelled to Guayaquil to invite Simon Bolivar to Peru. Sanchez Carrion served as Bolivar''s general minister, accompanying him throughout his victorious campaign in Peruvian soil and acquiring the necessary resources needed by the United Liberating Army, composed by the Liberation Expedition of Peru, Great Colombia, and Peru Republic. He served from 1824 to 1825 as Peru's Minister of Government and Foreign Relations, and as such signed the invitations written by Simon Bolivar for the American Nation's attendance to the Congress of Panama. He died prematurely, victim of an unknown sickness.
The Congress of Panama, often referred to as the "Amphic-Tyonic Congress, in homage to the Amphic-Tyonic of Ancient Greece, was organized by Simon Bolivar in 1826 with the goal of bringing together the New Republics of Latin America to develop an unified policy towards the crowns of Europe. Held in Panama City from June 22 to July 15 of that year, the meeting proposed creating a league of American Republics, with a common military, a mutual defense pact, and a supranational parliamentary assembly. The Congress of Panama had political ramifications in the United States and held up its mission by not approving funds or confirming delegates. The grandly titled "Treaty of Union, League, and Perpetual Confederation" that emerged from the Congress was ultimately only ratified by Grand Colombia, and Bolivar's dream soon foundered irretrievably with Civil War in that nation, the disintegration of Central America, and the emergence of a "false nationalism."